Oxybutynin Chloride

INDICATIONS AND USAGE Oxybutynin chloride is indicated for the relief of symptoms of bladder instability associated with voiding in patients with uninhibited neurogenic or reflex neurogenic bladder (i.e., urgency, frequency, urinary leakage, urge incontinence, dysuria).

DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION Oral Solution Adults: The usual dose is one teaspoon (5 mg/5 mL) of oral solution two to three times a day. The maximum recommended dose is one teaspoon (5 mg/5 mL) of oral solution four times a day. A lower starting dose of 2.5 mg two or three times a day is recommended for the frail elderly. Pediatric patients over 5 years of age: The usual dose is one teaspoon (5 mg/5 mL) of oral solution two times a day. The maximum recommended dose is one teaspoon (5 mg/5mL) of oral solution three times a day.

CONTRAINDICATIONS Oxybutynin chloride is contraindicated in patients with urinary retention, gastric retention and other severe decreased gastrointestinal motility conditions, uncontrolled narrow-angle glaucoma and in patients who are at risk for these conditions. Oxybutynin chloride is also contraindicated in patients who have demonstrated hypersensitivity to the drug substance or other components of the product.

ADVERSE REACTIONS The safety and efficacy of oxybutynin chloride was evaluated in a total of 199 patients in three clinical trials comparing oxybutynin chloride with oxybutynin chloride (see Table 3). These participants were treated with oxybutynin chloride 5 to 20 mg/day for up to 6 weeks. Table 3 shows the incidence of adverse events judged by investigators to be at least possibly related to treatment and reported by at least 5% of patients. Table 3 Incidence (%) of Adverse Events Reported by ≥ 5% of Patients Using Oxybutynin Chloride (5 to 20 mg/day) Body System Adverse Event Oxybutynin Chloride (5 to 20 mg/day) (n=199) Infections and Infestations Urinary tract infection 6.5% Psychiatric Disorders Insomnia 5.5% Nervousness 6.5% Nervous System Disorders Dizziness 16.6% Somnolence 14.0% Headache 7.5% Eye Disorders Blurred vision 9.6% Gastrointestinal Disorders Dry mouth 71.4% Constipation 15.1% Nausea 11.6% Dyspepsia 6.0% Renal and Urinary Disorders Urinary Hesitation 8.5% Urinary Retention 6.0% The most common adverse events reported by patients receiving oxybutynin chloride 5 to 20 mg/day were the expected side effects of anticholinergic agents. The incidence of dry mouth was dose-related. In addition, the following adverse events were reported by 1 to <5% of patients using oxybutynin chloride (5 to 20 mg/day) in all studies. Infections and Infestations : nasopharyngitis, upper respiratory tract infection, bronchitis, cystitis, fungal infection; Metabolism and Nutrition Disorders : fluid retention; Psychiatric Disorders : confusional state; Nervous System Disorders : dysgeusia, sinus headache; Eye Disorders : keratoconjunctivitis sicca, eye irritation; Cardiac Disorders : palpitations, sinus arrhythmia; Vascular Disorders : flushing; Respiratory, Thoracic and Mediastinal Disorders : nasal dryness, cough, pharyngolaryngeal pain, dry throat, sinus congestion, hoarseness, asthma, nasal congestion; Gastrointestinal Disorders : diarrhea, abdominal pain, loose stools, flatulence, vomiting, abdominal pain upper, dysphagia, aptyalism, eructation, tongue coated; Skin and Subcutaneous Tissue Disorders : dry skin, pruritis; Musculoskeletal and Connective Tissue Disorders : back pain, arthralgia, pain in extremity, flank pain; Renal and Urinary Disorders : dysuria, pollakiuria; General Disorders and Administration Site Conditions : fatigue, edema peripheral, asthenia, pain, thirst, edema; Investigations : blood pressure increased, blood glucose increased, blood pressure decreased; Injury, Poisoning, and Procedural Complications : fall. Postmarketing Surveillance Because postmarketing adverse events are reported voluntarily from a population of uncertain size, it is not always possible to reliably estimate their frequency or establish a causal relationship to drug exposure. The following additional adverse events have been reported from worldwide postmarketing experience with oxybutynin chloride: Psychiatric Disorders : psychotic disorder, agitation, hallucinations; Nervous System Disorders : convulsions; Eye disorders : cycloplegia, mydriasis; Cardiac Disorders : tachycardia; Gastrointestinal Disorders : decreased gastrointestinal motility; Skin and Subcutaneous Tissue Disorders : rash, decreased sweating; Renal and Urinary Disorders : impotence; Reproductive system and breast disorders : Suppression of lactation.