Tacrolimus

INDICATIONS AND USAGE Tacrolimus ointment, both 0.03% and 0.1% for adults, and only 0.03% for children aged 2 to 15 years, is indicated as second-line therapy for the short-term and non-continuous chronic treatment of moderate to severe atopic dermatitis in non-immunocompromised adults and children who have failed to respond adequately to other topical prescription treatments for atopic dermatitis, or when those treatments are not advisable. Tacrolimus ointment is not indicated for children younger than 2 years of age (see boxed WARNING, WARNINGS and PRECAUTIONS: Pediatric Use).

DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION ADULT Tacrolimus Ointment 0.03% and 0.1% • Apply a thin layer of tacrolimus ointment to the affected skin twice daily. The minimum amount should be rubbed in gently and completely to control signs and symptoms of atopic dermatitis. Stop using when signs and symptoms of atopic dermatitis resolve. • If signs and symptoms (e.g. itch, rash, and redness) do not improve within 6 weeks, patients should be re-examined by their healthcare provider to confirm the diagnosis of atopic dermatitis. • Continuous long-term use of topical calcineurin inhibitors, including tacrolimus ointment should be avoided, and application should be limited to areas of involvement with atopic dermatitis. The safety of tacrolimus ointment under occlusion, which may promote systemic exposure, has not been evaluated. Tacrolimus ointment should not be used with occlusive dressings. PEDIATRIC – FOR CHILDREN 2 to 15 YEARS Tacrolimus Ointment 0.03% • Apply a thin layer of tacrolimus ointment, 0.03% to the affected skin twice daily. The minimum amount should be rubbed in gently and completely to control signs and symptoms of atopic dermatitis. Stop using when signs and symptoms of atopic dermatitis resolve. • If signs and symptoms (e.g. itch, rash, and redness) do not improve within 6 weeks, patients should be re-examined by their healthcare provider to confirm the diagnosis of atopic dermatitis. • Continuous long-term use of topical calcineurin inhibitors, including tacrolimus ointment should be avoided, and application should be limited to areas of involvement with atopic dermatitis. The safety of tacrolimus ointment under occlusion, which may promote systemic exposure, has not been evaluated. Tacrolimus Ointment should not be used with occlusive dressings.

WARNINGS WARNING Long-term Safety of Topical Calcineurin Inhibitors Has Not Been Established Although a causal relationship has not been established, rare cases of malignancy (e.g., skin and lymphoma) have been reported in patients treated with topical calcineurin inhibitors, including tacrolimus ointment. Therefore: • Continuous long-term use of topical calcineurin inhibitors, including tacrolimus ointment, in any age group should be avoided, and application limited to areas of involvement with atopic dermatitis. • Tacrolimus ointment is not indicated for use in children less than 2 years of age. Only 0.03% tacrolimus ointment is indicated for use in children 2 to 15 years of age. Prolonged systemic use of calcineurin inhibitors for sustained immunosuppression in animal studies and transplant patients following systemic administration has been associated with an increased risk of infections, lymphomas, and skin malignancies. These risks are associated with the intensity and duration of immunosuppression. Based on the information above and the mechanism of action, there is a concern about potential risk with the use of topical calcineurin inhibitors, including tacrolimus ointment. While a causal relationship has not been established, rare cases of skin malignancy and lymphoma have been reported in patients treated with topical calcineurin inhibitors, including tacrolimus ointment. Therefore: • Tacrolimus Ointment should not be used in immunocompromised adults and children. • If signs and symptoms of atopic dermatitis do not improve within 6 weeks, patients should be re-examined by their healthcare provider and their diagnosis be confirmed (see PRECAUTIONS: General ). • The safety of tacrolimus ointment has not been established beyond one year of non-continuous use. (See CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY , boxed WARNING , INDICATIONS AND USAGE , and DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION ).

CONTRAINDICATIONS Tacrolimus ointment is contraindicated in patients with a history of hypersensitivity to tacrolimus or any other component of the ointment.

Drug Interactions Formal topical drug interaction studies with tacrolimus ointment have not been conducted. Based on its extent of absorption, interactions of tacrolimus ointment with systemically administered drugs are unlikely to occur but cannot be ruled out (see CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY ). The concomitant administration of known CYP3A4 inhibitors in patients with widespread and/or erythrodermic disease should be done with caution. Some examples of such drugs are erythromycin, itraconazole, ketoconazole, fluconazole, calcium channel blockers and cimetidine.

Pregnancy

Nursing Mothers Although systemic absorption of tacrolimus following topical applications of tacrolimus ointment is minimal relative to systemic administration, it is known that tacrolimus is excreted in human milk. Because of the potential for serious adverse reactions in nursing infants from tacrolimus, a decision should be made whether to discontinue nursing or to discontinue the drug, taking into account the importance of the drug to the mother.

ADVERSE REACTIONS No phototoxicity and no photoallergenicity were detected in clinical studies with 12 and 216 normal volunteers, respectively. One out of 198 normal volunteers showed evidence of sensitization in a contact sensitization study. In three 12 week randomized vehicle-controlled studies and four safety studies, 655 and 9,163 patients respectively, were treated with tacrolimus ointment. The duration of follow-up for adult and pediatric patients in the safety studies is tabulated below. Duration of Follow-up in Four Open-label Safety Studies Time on Study Adult Pediatrics Total < 1 year 4,682 4,481 9,163 ≥ 1 year 1,185 1,349 2,534 ≥ 2 years 200 275 475 ≥ 3 years 118 182 300 The following table depicts the adjusted incidence of adverse events pooled across the 3 identically designed 12-week controlled studies for patients in vehicle, tacrolimus ointment 0.03%, and tacrolimus ointment 0.1% treatment groups. The table also depicts the unadjusted incidence of adverse events in four safety studies, regardless of relationship to study drug. Incidence of Treatment Emergent Adverse Events † May be reasonably associated with the use of this drug product ‡ All the herpes zoster cases in the pediatric 12-week study and the majority of cases in the open-label pediatric studies were reported as chicken pox. ‡‡ Generally "warts". 12-Week, Randomized, Double- Blind, Phase 3 Studies 12-Week Adjusted Incidence Rate (%) Open-Label Studies (up to 3 years) 0.1% and 0.03% Tacrolimus Ointment Incidence Rate (%) Adult Pediatric Adult Pediatric Total Vehicle (n=212) % 0.03% Tacrolimus Ointment (n=210) % 0.1% Tacrolimus Ointment (n=209) % Vehicle (n=116) % 0.03% Tacrolimus Ointment (n=118) % (n=4,682) % (n=4,481) % (n=9,163) % Skin Burning † 26 46 58 29 43 28 20 24 Pruritus † 37 46 46 27 41 25 19 22 Flu-like symptoms † 19 23 31 25 28 22 34 28 Allergic Reaction 8 12 6 8 4 9 13 11 Skin Erythema 20 25 28 13 12 12 7 9 Headache † 11 20 19 8 5 13 9 11 Skin Infection 11 12 5 14 10 9 16 12 Fever 4 4 1 13 21 2 14 8 Infection 1 1 2 9 7 6 10 8 Cough Increased 2 1 1 14 18 3 10 6 Asthma 4 6 4 6 6 4 13 8 Herpes Simplex 4 4 4 2 0 4 3 3 Eczema Herpeticum 0 1 1 0 2 0 0 0 Pharyngitis 3 3 4 11 6 4 12 8 Accidental Injury 4 3 6 3 6 6 8 7 Pustular Rash 2 3 4 3 2 2 7 5 Folliculitis † 1 6 4 0 2 4 2 3 Rhinitis 4 3 2 2 6 2 4 3 Otitis Media 4 0 1 6 12 2 11 6 Sinusitis † 1 4 2 8 3 6 7 6 Diarrhea 3 3 4 2 5 2 4 3 Urticaria 3 3 6 1 1 3 4 4 Lack of Drug Effect 1 1 0 1 1 6 6 6 Bronchitis 0 2 2 3 3 4 4 4 Vomiting 0 1 1 7 6 1 4 3 Maculopapular Rash 2 2 2 3 0 2 1 1 Rash † 1 5 2 4 2 2 3 3 Abdominal Pain 3 1 1 2 3 1 3 2 Fungal Dermatitis 0 2 1 3 0 2 4 3 Gastroenteritis 1 2 2 3 0 2 4 3 Alcohol Intolerance † 0 3 7 0 0 4 0 2 Acne † 2 4 7 1 0 3 2 3 Sunburn 1 2 1 0 0 2 1 1 Skin Disorder 2 2 1 1 4 2 2 2 Conjunctivitis 0 2 2 2 1 3 3 3 Pain 1 2 1 0 1 2 1 2 Vesiculobullous Rash † 3 3 2 0 4 2 1 1 Lymphadenopathy 2 2 1 0 3 1 2 1 Nausea 4 3 2 0 1 2 1 2 Skin Tingling † 2 3 8 1 2 2 1 1 Face Edema 2 2 1 2 1 1 1 1 Dyspepsia † 1 1 4 0 0 2 2 2 Dry Skin 7 3 3 0 1 1 1 1 Hyperesthesia† 1 3 7 0 0 2 0 1 Skin Neoplasm Benign ‡‡ 1 1 1 0 0 1 2 2 Back Pain † 0 2 2 1 1 3 0 2 Peripheral Edema 2 4 3 0 0 2 0 1 Varicella Zoster/Herpes Zoster † ‡ 0 1 0 0 5 1 2 2 Contact Dermatitis 1 3 3 3 4 2 2 2 Asthenia 1 2 3 0 0 1 0 1 Pneumonia 0 1 1 2 0 1 3 2 Eczema 2 2 2 0 0 1 0 1 Insomnia 3 4 3 1 1 2 0 1 Exfoliative Dermatitis 3 3 1 0 0 0 1 0 Dysmenorrhea 2 4 4 0 0 2 1 1 Periodontal Abscess 1 0 1 0 0 1 1 1 Myalgia † 0 3 2 0 0 2 1 1 Cyst † 0 1 3 0 0 1 0 1 Cellulitis 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 1 Exacerbation of Untreated Area 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 1 Procedural Complication 1 0 0 1 0 1 1 1 Hypertension 0 0 1 0 0 2 0 1 Tooth Disorder 0 1 1 1 0 2 1 1 Arthralgia 1 1 3 2 0 2 1 2 Depression 1 2 1 0 0 1 0 1 Paresthesia 1 3 3 0 0 2 1 2 Alopecia 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 1 Urinary Tract Infection 0 0 1 0 0 2 1 2 Ear Pain 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 1 Other adverse events which occurred at an incidence between 0.2% and less than 1% in clinical studies in the above table include: a…