vitalwiki

AKEEGA

RxNorm 2645244· NIRAPARIB TOSYLATE MONOHYDRATE AND ABIRATERONE ACETATE· ORAL

Janssen Biotech, Inc.

Indications and usage

1 INDICATIONS AND USAGE AKEEGA with prednisone is indicated for the treatment of adult patients with deleterious or suspected deleterious BRCA2 -mutated ( BRCA2 m) metastatic castration-sensitive prostate cancer (mCSPC). AKEEGA with prednisone is indicated for the treatment of adult patients with deleterious or suspected deleterious BRCA -mutated ( BRCA m) metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC). Select patients for therapy based on an FDA-approved test for AKEEGA [see Dosage and Administration (2.1) ] . AKEEGA is a combination of niraparib, a poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitor, and abiraterone acetate, a CYP17 inhibitor indicated with prednisone for the treatment of adult patients with: deleterious or suspected deleterious BRCA2 -mutated ( BRCA2 m) metastatic castration-sensitive prostate cancer (mCSPC). deleterious or suspected deleterious BRCA -mutated ( BRCA m) metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC). Select patients for therapy based on an FDA-approved test for AKEEGA. ( 1 , 2.1 )

Dosage and administration

2 DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION BRCA2 m mCSPC: The recommended dosage of AKEEGA is 200 mg niraparib/1,000 mg abiraterone acetate orally once daily in combination with 5 mg prednisone daily until disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. ( 2.2 ) BRCA m mCRPC : The recommended dosage of AKEEGA is 200 mg niraparib/1,000 mg abiraterone acetate orally once daily in combination with 10 mg prednisone daily until disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. ( 2.2 ) Patients receiving AKEEGA should also receive a gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) analog concurrently or should have had bilateral orchiectomy. ( 2.2 ) Take AKEEGA on an empty stomach at least one hour before or two hours after food. ( 2.2 ) For adverse reactions, consider interruption of treatment, dose reduction, or dose discontinuation. ( 2.3 ) 2.1 Patient Selection Select patients for the treatment of mCSPC with AKEEGA based on the presence of a BRCA2 gene alteration [see Clinical Studies (14.1) ] . Select patients for the treatment of mCRPC with AKEEGA based on the presence of a BRCA gene alteration [see Clinical Studies (14.2) ] . Information on FDA-approved tests is available at: http://www.fda.gov/CompanionDiagnostics. 2.2 Recommended Dosage BRCA2- mutated ( BRCA2 m) Metastatic Castration-Sensitive Prostate Cancer (mCSPC) The recommended dosage of AKEEGA is 200 mg niraparib/1,000 mg abiraterone acetate orally once daily in combination with 5 mg prednisone once daily until disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. BRCA -mutated ( BRCA m) Metastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer (mCRPC) The recommended dosage of AKEEGA is 200 mg niraparib/1,000 mg abiraterone acetate orally once daily in combination with 10 mg prednisone once daily until disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. Patients receiving AKEEGA should also receive a gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) analog concurrently or should have had bilateral orchiectomy. Take AKEEGA on an empty stomach at least one hour before or two hours after food. Swallow tablets whole with water. Do not break, crush, or chew tablets. If a patient misses a dose, instruct patients to take the dose as soon as possible on the same day and resume their next dose at the normal schedule the following day. 2.3 Dosage Modification for Adverse Reactions The recommended dosage modifications for AKEEGA are provided in Table 1. Treatment with AKEEGA should not be reinitiated until the toxicity has resolved to Grade 1 or baseline. If the toxicity is attributed to one component of AKEEGA, the other component of AKEEGA may be continued as a single agent at the current dose until the adverse reaction resolves and AKEEGA can be resumed (see Table 1 ). Table 1: Dosage Modifications for Adverse Reactions Adverse Reaction Severity Dosage Modification Myelosuppression [see Warnings and Precautions (5.2) ] Hemoglobin <8 g/dL Withhold AKEEGA and monitor blood counts weekly. When hemoglobin returns to ≥9 g/dL, resume at the reduced dose of AKEEGA 100 mg/1,000 mg once daily and monitor blood counts weekly for 28 days and as clinically indicated. Permanently discontinue AKEEGA if hemoglobin has not returned to acceptable levels within 28 days of the dose interruption period or if the patient has already undergone dose reduction to 100 mg/1,000 mg once daily. If myelodysplastic syndrome or acute myeloid leukemia (MDS/AML) is confirmed, discontinue AKEEGA [see Warnings and Precautions (5.1)]. Platelet count <100,000/mcL First occurrence: Withhold AKEEGA for a maximum of 28 days and monitor blood counts weekly until platelet counts return to ≥100,000/mcL. Resume AKEEGA at same or the reduced dose of 100 mg/1,000 mg once daily. If platelet count is <75,000/mcL, resume at the reduced dose of AKEEGA 100 mg/1,000 mg once daily. Second occurrence: Withhold AKEEGA for a maximum of 28 days and monitor blood counts weekly until platelet counts return to ≥100,000/mcL. Resume at the reduced dose of AKEEGA 100 mg/1,000 mg once daily. Permanently d…

Warnings

5 WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS Myelodysplastic Syndrome/Acute Myeloid Leukemia (MDS/AML) : MDS/AML, including a case with fatal outcome, has been observed in patients treated with AKEEGA. Monitor patients for hematological toxicity and discontinue if MDS/AML is confirmed. ( 5.1 ) Myelosuppression: Test complete blood counts weekly for the first month, every two weeks for the next two months, monthly for the remainder of the first year, then every other month, and as clinically indicated. ( 2.3 , 5.2 ) Hypokalemia, Fluid Retention, and Cardiovascular Adverse Reactions: Monitor patients for hypertension, hypokalemia, and fluid retention at least weekly for the first two months, then once a month. Closely monitor patients whose underlying medical conditions might be compromised by increases in blood pressure, hypokalemia, or fluid retention. Control hypertension and correct hypokalemia before and during treatment with AKEEGA. ( 5.3 ) Hepatotoxicity: Can be severe and fatal. Monitor liver function and modify, interrupt, or discontinue treatment as recommended. ( 2.3 , 5.4 ) Adrenocortical insufficiency : Monitor for symptoms and signs of adrenocortical insufficiency. Increased dosage of corticosteroids may be indicated before, during and after stressful situations. ( 5.5 ) Hypoglycemia: Severe hypoglycemia has been reported when abiraterone acetate, a component of AKEEGA, was administered to patients receiving medications containing thiazolidinediones (including pioglitazone) or repaglinide. Monitor blood glucose in patients with diabetes during and assess if antidiabetic agent dose modifications are required. ( 5.6 ) Increased fractures and mortality in combination with radium Ra 223 dichloride : Use of AKEEGA plus prednisone in combination with radium Ra 223 dichloride is not recommended. ( 5.7 ) Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome (PRES): PRES has been observed in patients treated with niraparib, a component of AKEEGA. Discontinue AKEEGA if PRES is confirmed. ( 5.8 ) Embryo-Fetal Toxicity: AKEEGA can cause fetal harm. Advise males with female partners of reproductive potential to use effective contraception. ( 5.9 , 8.1 , 8.3 ) 5.1 Myelodysplastic Syndrome/Acute Myeloid Leukemia AKEEGA may cause myelodysplastic syndrome/acute myeloid leukemia (MDS/AML). In the individual AMPLITUDE and MAGNITUDE studies, MDS or AML, including cases with fatal outcomes, were reported in 0.6% (2/347) and 0.5% (1/212) of patients treated with AKEEGA plus prednisone, respectively. All patients in other tumor types treated with niraparib, a component of AKEEGA, who developed secondary MDS/cancer-therapy-related AML had received previous chemotherapy with platinum agents and/or other DNA-damaging agents, including radiotherapy. For suspected MDS/AML or prolonged hematological toxicities, refer the patient to a hematologist for further evaluation. Discontinue AKEEGA if MDS/AML is confirmed. 5.2 Myelosuppression AKEEGA may cause myelosuppression (anemia, thrombocytopenia, or neutropenia). In AMPLITUDE, Grade 3–4 anemia, neutropenia, and thrombocytopenia were reported, respectively in 29%, 10%, and 4.9% of patients receiving AKEEGA. Overall, 25% of patients with anemia required a red blood cell transfusion, including 15% who required more than one transfusion. Discontinuation due to anemia occurred in 1.2% of patients. In MAGNITUDE Cohort 1, Grade 3–4 anemia, thrombocytopenia, and neutropenia were reported, respectively in 28%, 8%, and 7% of patients receiving AKEEGA. Overall, 27% of patients with anemia required a red blood cell transfusion, including 19.5% who required more than one transfusion. Discontinuation due to anemia occurred in 3% of patients. Monitor complete blood counts weekly during the first month of AKEEGA treatment, every two weeks for the next two months, monthly for the remainder of the first year and then every other month, and as clinically indicated. Do not start AKEEGA until patients have adequately recovered from hematologic…

Contraindications

4 CONTRAINDICATIONS None. None. ( 4 )

Drug interactions

7 DRUG INTERACTIONS Strong CYP3A4 Inducers: Avoid coadministration. ( 7.1 ) CYP2D6 Substrates: Avoid coadministration of AKEEGA with CYP2D6 substrates for which minimal changes in concentration may lead to serious toxicities. If alternative treatments cannot be used, consider a dose reduction of the concomitant CYP2D6 substrate. ( 7.2 ) 7.1 Effect of Other Drugs on AKEEGA Effect of CYP3A4 Inducers Avoid coadministration with strong CYP3A4 inducers [see Clinical Pharmacology (12.3) ] . Abiraterone is a substrate of CYP3A4. Strong CYP3A4 inducers may decrease abiraterone concentrations [see Clinical Pharmacology (12.3) ], which may reduce the effectiveness of abiraterone. 7.2 Effects of AKEEGA on Other Drugs CYP2D6 Substrates Avoid coadministration unless otherwise recommended in the Prescribing Information for CYP2D6 substrates for which minimal changes in concentration may lead to serious toxicities. If alternative treatments cannot be used, consider a dose reduction of the concomitant CYP2D6 substrate drug. Abiraterone is a CYP2D6 moderate inhibitor. AKEEGA increases the concentration of CYP2D6 substrates [see Clinical Pharmacology (12.3) ], which may increase the risk of adverse reactions related to these substrates. CYP2C8 Substrates Monitor patients for signs of toxicity related to a CYP2C8 substrate for which a minimal change in plasma concentration may lead to serious or life-threatening adverse reactions. Abiraterone is a CYP2C8 inhibitor. AKEEGA increases the concentration of CYP2C8 substrates [see Clinical Pharmacology (12.3) ], which may increase the risk of adverse reactions related to these substrates.

Pregnancy

8.1 Pregnancy Risk Summary The safety and efficacy of AKEEGA have not been established in females. Based on findings from animal studies and mechanism of action [see Clinical Pharmacology (12.1) ] , AKEEGA can cause fetal harm and potential loss of pregnancy. There are no human data on the use of AKEEGA in pregnant women. Niraparib has the potential to cause teratogenicity and/or embryo-fetal death since niraparib is genotoxic and targets actively dividing cells in animals and patients (e.g., bone marrow) [see Warnings and Precautions (5.2) and Nonclinical Toxicology (13.1) ] . Due to the potential risk to a fetus based on its mechanism of action, animal developmental and reproductive toxicology studies were not conducted with niraparib. In animal reproduction studies, oral administration of abiraterone acetate to pregnant rats during organogenesis caused adverse developmental effects at maternal exposures approximately ≥ 0.03 times the human exposure (AUC) at the recommended dose (see Data ) . Data Animal Data Niraparib Niraparib is genotoxic and targets actively dividing cells. Animal developmental and reproductive toxicology studies were not conducted with niraparib. Abiraterone Acetate In an embryo-fetal developmental toxicity study in rats, abiraterone acetate caused developmental toxicity when administered at oral doses of 10, 30 or 100 mg/kg/day throughout the period of organogenesis (gestational days 6–17). Findings included embryo-fetal lethality (increased post implantation loss and resorptions and decreased number of live fetuses), fetal developmental delay (skeletal effects) and urogenital effects (bilateral ureter dilation) at doses ≥10 mg/kg/day, decreased fetal ano-genital distance at ≥30 mg/kg/day, and decreased fetal body weight at 100 mg/kg/day. Doses ≥10 mg/kg/day caused maternal toxicity. The doses tested in rats resulted in systemic exposures (AUC) approximately 0.03, 0.1 and 0.3 times, respectively, the AUC in patients receiving 1,000 mg daily of abiraterone acetate.

Adverse events

Most frequently reported events (FDA FAERS). Report frequency does not imply causation.

  • constipation4
  • decreased appetite4
  • fatigue4
  • prostatic specific antigen increased4
  • abdominal pain upper3
  • blood pressure increased3
  • death3
  • dizziness3
  • malaise3
  • nausea3
  • pancytopenia3
  • adverse event2
  • diarrhoea2
  • drooling2
  • hospitalisation2
  • neutropenia2

Adverse reactions (label)

6 ADVERSE REACTIONS The following adverse reactions are discussed elsewhere in the labeling: Myelodysplastic syndrome/acute myeloid leukemia [see Warnings and Precautions (5.1) ] Myelosuppression [see Warnings and Precautions (5.2) ] Hypokalemia, fluid retention, and cardiovascular adverse reactions [see Warnings and Precautions (5.3) ] Hepatotoxicity [see Warnings and Precautions (5.4) ] Adrenocortical insufficiency [see Warnings and Precautions (5.5) ] Hypoglycemia [see Warnings and Precautions (5.6) ] Increased fractures and mortality in combination with Radium 223 Dichloride [see Warnings and Precautions (5.7) ] Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome [see Warnings and Precautions (5.8) ] The most common adverse reactions (≥20%), including laboratory abnormalities, are decreased hemoglobin, decreased lymphocytes, musculoskeletal pain, fatigue, decreased platelets, increased alkaline phosphatase, constipation, hypertension, nausea, decreased neutrophils, increased creatinine, increased potassium, decreased potassium, increased AST, fluid retention/edema, increased bilirubin, respiratory tract infection and arrhythmia. ( 6 ) To report SUSPECTED ADVERSE REACTIONS, contact Janssen Biotech, Inc. at 1-800-526-7736 (1-800-JANSSEN) or FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088 or www.fda.gov/medwatch. 6.1 Clinical Trial Experience Because clinical trials are conducted under widely varying conditions, adverse reaction rates observed in the clinical trials of a drug cannot be directly compared to rates in the clinical trials of another drug and may not reflect the rates observed in practice. The safety population described in the WARNINGS and PRECAUTIONS reflect exposure to AKEEGA (niraparib 200 mg and abiraterone acetate 1,000 mg) in BRCA2 m patients (N=162) in the AMPLITUDE study and in BRCA m patients in Cohort 1 (N=113) in the MAGNITUDE study unless otherwise specified. BRCA2 -mutated Metastatic Castration-Sensitive Prostate Cancer (mCSPC) The safety of AKEEGA in patients with BRCA2 m mCSPC was evaluated in AMPLITUDE [see Clinical Studies (14.1) ]. Patients were randomized to receive either AKEEGA (niraparib 200 mg and abiraterone acetate 1,000 mg once daily) (n=162), or placebo and abiraterone acetate (n=161) until unacceptable toxicity or progression. Patients in both arms also received prednisone 5 mg daily. The median duration of exposure for AKEEGA was 26 months (range: 0 to 48 months). Serious adverse reactions occurred in 36% of patients who received AKEEGA. Serious adverse reactions reported in >2% of patients included anemia (4.9%), and pneumonia (3.7%). Fatal adverse reactions occurred in 4.9% of patients who received AKEEGA, including sudden death (1.9%), COVID-19 pneumonia (1.2%), pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia (0.6%), pneumonia (0.6%), and cardio-respiratory arrest (0.6%). Permanent discontinuation of any component of AKEEGA due to an adverse reaction occurred in 13% of patients. Dosage interruptions of any component of AKEEGA due to an adverse reaction occurred in 67% of patients. Adverse reactions which required dosage interruption in >2% of patients included anemia (30%), COVID-19 (10%), hypertension (9%), neutropenia (8%), thrombocytopenia (8%), hypokalemia (7%), vomiting (4.9%), fatigue (4.3%), diarrhea (2.5%), and pneumonia (2.5%). Dose reductions of any component of AKEEGA due to an adverse reaction occurred in 25% of patients. Adverse reactions which required dose reductions in >2% of patients included anemia (17%). The most common adverse reactions (>20%), including laboratory abnormalities, in patients who received AKEEGA were decreased hemoglobin, decreased lymphocyte count, hypertension, decreased neutrophil count, musculoskeletal pain, decreased platelet count, constipation, fatigue, decreased potassium, increase creatinine, nausea, increased alkaline phosphate, increased aspartate aminotransferase, respiratory tract infection, arrhythmia, increased blood bilirubin, and fluid retention/edema. Table 2: Adverse Reactio…