SAVAYSA
RxNorm 1599543· EDOXABAN TOSYLATE· ORAL
Daiichi Sankyo Inc.
Boxed Warning
WARNING: (A) REDUCED EFFICACY IN NONVALVULAR ATRIAL FIBRILLATION PATIENTS WITH CREATININE CLEARANCE (CRCL) > 95 ML/MIN (B) PREMATURE DISCONTINUATION OF SAVAYSA INCREASES THE RISK OF ISCHEMIC EVENTS (C) SPINAL/EPIDURAL HEMATOMA WARNING: (A) REDUCED EFFICACY IN NONVALVULAR ATRIAL FIBRILLATION PATIENTS WITH CREATININE CLEARANCE (CRCL) > 95 ML/MIN (B) PREMATURE DISCONTINUATION OF SAVAYSA INCREASES THE RISK OF ISCHEMIC EVENTS (C) SPINAL/EPIDURAL HEMATOMA See full prescribing information for complete boxed warning. (A) REDUCED EFFICACY IN NONVALVULAR ATRIAL FIBRILLATION PATIENTS WITH CRCL > 95 ML/MIN: SAVAYSA should not be used in patients with CrCL > 95 mL/min. In the ENGAGE AF-TIMI 48 study, nonvalvular atrial fibrillation patients with CrCL > 95 mL/min had an increased rate of ischemic stroke with SAVAYSA 60 mg once daily compared to patients treated with warfarin. In these patients another anticoagulant should be used ( 5.1 ). (B) PREMATURE DISCONTINUATION OF SAVAYSA INCREASES THE RISK OF ISCHEMIC EVENTS: Premature discontinuation of any oral anticoagulant in the absence of adequate alternative anticoagulation increases the risk of ischemic events. If SAVAYSA is discontinued for a reason other than pathological bleeding or completion of a course of therapy, consider coverage with another anticoagulant as described in the transition guidance ( 2.4 , 5.2 , 14 ). (C) SPINAL/EPIDURAL HEMATOMA: Epidural or spinal hematomas may occur in patients treated with SAVAYSA who are receiving neuraxial anesthesia or undergoing spinal puncture. These hematomas may result in long-term or permanent paralysis. Consider these risks when scheduling patients for spinal procedures ( 5.4 ). A. REDUCED EFFICACY IN NONVALVULAR ATRIAL FIBRILLATION PATIENTS WITH CRCL > 95 ML/MIN SAVAYSA should not be used in patients with CrCL > 95 mL/min. In the ENGAGE AF-TIMI 48 study, nonvalvular atrial fibrillation patients with CrCL > 95 mL/min had an increased rate of ischemic stroke with SAVAYSA 60 mg onc…
Indications and usage
1 INDICATIONS AND USAGE SAVAYSA is a factor Xa inhibitor indicated: To reduce the risk of stroke and systemic embolism (SE) in patients with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF) ( 1.1 ) Limitation of Use for NVAF SAVAYSA should not be used in patients with creatinine clearance (CrCL) > 95 mL/min because of increased risk of ischemic stroke compared to warfarin at the highest dose studied (60 mg) ( 1.1 ) SAVAYSA is indicated for the treatment of deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary embolism (PE) following 5 to 10 days of initial therapy with a parenteral anticoagulant ( 1.2 ) 1.1 Reduction in the Risk of Stroke and Systemic Embolism in Nonvalvular Atrial Fibrillation SAVAYSA is indicated to reduce the risk of stroke and systemic embolism (SE) in patients with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF). Limitation of Use for NVAF SAVAYSA should not be used in patients with CrCL > 95 mL/min because of an increased risk of ischemic stroke compared to warfarin [see Dosage and Administration (2.1) , Warnings and Precautions (5.1) and Clinical Studies (14.1) ] . 1.2 Treatment of Deep Vein Thrombosis and Pulmonary Embolism SAVAYSA is indicated for the treatment of deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary embolism (PE) following 5 to 10 days of initial therapy with a parenteral anticoagulant.
Dosage and administration
2 DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION Treatment of NVAF: Assess CrCL before initiating therapy ( 2.1 ) The recommended dose is 60 mg once daily in patients with CrCL >50 to ≤ 95 mL/min. Do not use SAVAYSA in patients with CrCL > 95 mL/min ( 2.1 ) Reduce dose to 30 mg once daily in patients with creatinine clearance 15 to 50 mL/min ( 2.1 ) Treatment of DVT and PE: The recommended dose is 60 mg once daily ( 2.2 ) Reduce dose to 30 mg once daily for patients with CrCL 15 to 50 mL/min or body weight less than or equal to 60 kg or who use certain P-gp inhibitors ( 2.2 ) 2.1 Nonvalvular Atrial Fibrillation The recommended dose of SAVAYSA is 60 mg taken orally once daily [see Warnings and Precautions (5.1) and Clinical Studies (14.1) ] . Assess creatinine clearance, as calculated using the Cockcroft-Gault equation Cockcroft-Gault CrCL = (140-age) × (weight in kg) × (0.85 if female) / (72 × creatinine in mg/dL). , before initiating therapy with SAVAYSA. Do not use SAVAYSA in patients with CrCL > 95 mL/min. Reduce SAVAYSA dose to 30 mg once daily in patients with CrCL 15 to 50 mL/min [see Use in Specific Populations (8.6) , and Clinical Pharmacology (12.3) ] . 2.2 Treatment of Deep Vein Thrombosis and Pulmonary Embolism The recommended dose of SAVAYSA is 60 mg taken orally once daily following 5 to 10 days of initial therapy with a parenteral anticoagulant [see Clinical Studies (14.2) ] . Reduce SAVAYSA dose to 30 mg once daily in patients with CrCL 15 to 50 mL/min, patients who weigh less than or equal to 60 kg, or patients who are taking certain concomitant P-gp inhibitor medications [see Clinical Studies (14.2) ] . 2.3 Administration Information If a dose of SAVAYSA is missed, the dose should be taken as soon as possible on the same day. Dosing should resume the next day according to the normal dosing schedule. The dose should not be doubled to make up for a missed dose. SAVAYSA can be taken without regard to food [see Clinical Pharmacology (12.3) ] . 2.4 Transition to or from SAVAYSA Transition to SAVAYSA From To Recommendation Warfarin or other Vitamin K Antagonists SAVAYSA Discontinue warfarin and start SAVAYSA when the INR is ≤ 2.5 Oral anticoagulants other than warfarin or other Vitamin K Antagonists SAVAYSA Discontinue current oral anticoagulant and start SAVAYSA at the time of the next scheduled dose of the other oral anticoagulant Low Molecular Weight Heparin (LMWH) SAVAYSA Discontinue LMWH and start SAVAYSA at the time of the next scheduled administration of LMWH Unfractionated heparin SAVAYSA Discontinue the infusion and start SAVAYSA 4 hours later Transition from SAVAYSA From To Recommendation Abbreviations: INR=International Normalized Ratio SAVAYSA Warfarin Oral option : For patients taking 60 mg of SAVAYSA, reduce the dose to 30 mg and begin warfarin concomitantly. For patients receiving 30 mg of SAVAYSA, reduce the dose to 15 mg and begin warfarin concomitantly. INR must be measured at least weekly and just prior to the daily dose of SAVAYSA to minimize the influence of SAVAYSA on INR measurements. Once a stable INR ≥ 2.0 is achieved, SAVAYSA should be discontinued and the warfarin continued SAVAYSA Warfarin Parenteral option : Discontinue SAVAYSA and administer a parenteral anticoagulant and warfarin at the time of the next scheduled SAVAYSA dose. Once a stable INR ≥ 2.0 is achieved the parenteral anticoagulant should be discontinued and the warfarin continued SAVAYSA Non-Vitamin-K-Dependent Oral anticoagulants Discontinue SAVAYSA and start the other oral anticoagulant at the time of the next dose of SAVAYSA SAVAYSA Parenteral anticoagulants Discontinue SAVAYSA and start the parenteral anticoagulant at the time of the next dose of SAVAYSA 2.5 Discontinuation for Surgery and Other Interventions Discontinue SAVAYSA at least 24 hours before invasive or surgical procedures because of the risk of bleeding [see Warnings and Precautions (5.3) ] . If surgery cannot be delayed, there is an increased risk of bleeding. This risk of bleed…
Warnings
5 WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS Bleeding: Serious and potentially fatal bleeding. Promptly evaluate signs and symptoms of blood loss ( 5.3 ) Mechanical Heart Valves or Moderate to Severe Mitral Stenosis: Use is not recommended ( 5.5 ) Increased Risk of Thrombosis in Patients with Triple Positive Antiphospholipid Syndrome: SAVAYSA use not recommended. ( 5.6 ) 5.1 Reduced Efficacy in Nonvalvular Atrial Fibrillation Patients with CrCL > 95 mL/min SAVAYSA should not be used in patients with CrCL > 95 mL/min. In the randomized ENGAGE AF-TIMI 48 study, NVAF patients with CrCL > 95 mL/min had an increased rate of ischemic stroke with SAVAYSA 60 mg daily compared to patients treated with warfarin. In these patients another anticoagulant should be used [see Dosage and Administration (2.1) and Clinical Studies (14.1) ] . 5.2 Increased Risk of Stroke with Discontinuation of SAVAYSA in Patients with Nonvalvular Atrial Fibrillation Premature discontinuation of any oral anticoagulant in the absence of adequate alternative anticoagulation increases the risk of ischemic events. If SAVAYSA is discontinued for a reason other than pathological bleeding or completion of a course of therapy, consider coverage with another anticoagulant as described in the transition guidance [see Dosage and Administration (2.4) and Clinical Studies (14.1) ] . 5.3 Risk of Bleeding SAVAYSA increases the risk of bleeding and can cause serious and potentially fatal bleeding. Promptly evaluate any signs or symptoms of blood loss. Discontinue SAVAYSA in patients with active pathological bleeding. Concomitant use of drugs affecting hemostasis may increase the risk of bleeding. These include aspirin and other antiplatelet agents, other antithrombotic agents, fibrinolytic therapy, chronic use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) and serotonin norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs) [see Drug Interactions (7.1) ] . Reversal of Anticoagulant Effect There is no established way to reverse the anticoagulant effects of SAVAYSA, which can be expected to persist for approximately 24 hours after the last dose. The anticoagulant effect of SAVAYSA cannot be reliably monitored with standard laboratory testing. A specific reversal agent for edoxaban is not available. Hemodialysis does not significantly contribute to edoxaban clearance [see Clinical Pharmacology (12.3) ] . Protamine sulfate, vitamin K, and tranexamic acid are not expected to reverse the anticoagulant activity of SAVAYSA. The use of prothrombin complex concentrates (PCC), or other procoagulant reversal agents such as activated prothrombin complex concentrate (APCC) or recombinant factor VIIa (rFVIIa) may be considered but has not been evaluated in clinical outcome studies [see Clinical Pharmacology (12.2) ] . When PCCs are used, monitoring for anticoagulation effect of edoxaban using clotting test (PT, INR, or aPTT) or anti-FXa activity is not useful and is not recommended. 5.4 Spinal/Epidural Anesthesia or Puncture When neuraxial anesthesia (spinal/epidural anesthesia) or spinal/epidural puncture is employed, patients treated with antithrombotic agents for prevention of thromboembolic complications are at risk of developing an epidural or spinal hematoma, which can result in long-term or permanent paralysis. The risk of these events may be increased by the postoperative use of indwelling epidural catheters or the concomitant use of medicinal products affecting hemostasis. Indwelling epidural or intrathecal catheters should not be removed earlier than 12 hours after the last administration of SAVAYSA. The next dose of SAVAYSA should not be administered earlier than 2 hours after the removal of the catheter. The risk may also be increased by traumatic or repeated epidural or spinal puncture. Monitor patients frequently for signs and symptoms of neurological impairment (e.g., numbness or weakness of the legs, bowel, or bladder dysfunction). If neurological compromi…
Contraindications
4 CONTRAINDICATIONS SAVAYSA is contraindicated in patients with: Active pathological bleeding [see Warnings and Precautions (5.3) and Adverse Reactions (6.1) ] . Active pathological bleeding ( 4 )
Drug interactions
7 DRUG INTERACTIONS Anticoagulants, Antiplatelets, Thrombolytics, and Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors (SSRIs)/Serotonin Norepinephrine Reuptake Inhibitors (SNRIs): Avoid concomitant use due to increased risk of bleeding. ( 7.1 ) Rifampin: Avoid concomitant use ( 7.2 ) 7.1 Anticoagulants, Antiplatelets, Thrombolytics, and SSRIs/SNRIs Co-administration of anticoagulants, antiplatelet drugs, thrombolytics and SSRIs or SNRIs may increase the risk of bleeding. Promptly evaluate any signs or symptoms of blood loss if patients are treated concomitantly with anticoagulants, aspirin, other platelet aggregation inhibitors, and/or NSAIDs [see Warnings and Precautions (5.3) ] . Long-term concomitant treatment with SAVAYSA and other anticoagulants is not recommended because of increased risk of bleeding [see Warnings and Precautions (5.3) ] . Short term co-administration may be needed for patients transitioning to or from SAVAYSA [see Dosage and Administration (2.4) ] . In clinical studies with SAVAYSA concomitant use of aspirin (low dose ≤ 100 mg/day) or thienopyridines, and NSAIDs was permitted and resulted in increased rates of Clinically Relevant Bleeding. Carefully monitor for bleeding in patients who require chronic treatment with low dose aspirin and/or NSAIDs [see Warnings and Precautions (5.3) and Clinical Pharmacology (12.3) ] . As with other anticoagulants the possibility may exist that patients are at an increased risk of bleeding in case of concomitant use with SSRIs or SNRIs due to their reported effect on platelets [see Warnings and Precautions (5.3) ]. 7.2 P-gp Inducers Avoid the concomitant use of SAVAYSA with rifampin [see Clinical Pharmacology (12.3) ] . 7.3 P-gp Inhibitors Treatment of NVAF Based on clinical experience from the ENGAGE AF-TIMI 48 study, dose reduction in patients concomitantly receiving P-gp inhibitors resulted in edoxaban blood levels that were lower than in patients who were given the full dose. Consequently, no dose reduction is recommended for concomitant P-gp inhibitor use [see Dosage and Administration (2.1) , Clinical Pharmacology (12.3) , and Clinical Studies (14.1) ] . Treatment of Deep Vein Thrombosis and Pulmonary Embolism [see Clinical Studies (14.2) ]
Pregnancy
8.1 Pregnancy Risk Summary Available data about SAVAYSA use in pregnant women are insufficient to determine whether there are drug-associated risks for adverse developmental outcomes. In animal developmental studies, no adverse developmental effects were seen when edoxaban was administered orally to pregnant rats and rabbits during organogenesis at up to 16-times and 8-times, respectively, the human exposure, when based on body surface area and AUC, respectively (see Data ) . The estimated background risk of major birth defects and miscarriage for the indicated population is unknown. All pregnancies have a background risk of birth defect, loss, or other adverse outcomes. In the U.S. general population, the estimated background risk of major birth defects and miscarriage in clinically recognized pregnancies is 2-4% and 15-20%, respectively. Clinical Considerations Disease-associated maternal and/or embryo/fetal risk Pregnancy confers an increased risk of thromboembolism that is higher for women with underlying thromboembolic disease and certain high-risk pregnancy conditions. Published data describe that women with a previous history of venous thrombosis are at high risk for recurrence during pregnancy. Fetal/Neonatal adverse reactions Use of anticoagulants, including edoxaban, may increase the risk of bleeding in the fetus and neonate. Monitor neonates for bleeding [see Warnings and Precautions (5.3) ] . Labor or delivery All patients receiving anticoagulants, including pregnant women, are at risk for bleeding. SAVAYSA use during labor or delivery in women who are receiving neuraxial anesthesia may result in epidural or spinal hematomas. Consider use of a shorter acting anticoagulant as delivery approaches [see Warnings and Precautions (5.3) ] . Data Animal Data Embryo-fetal development studies were conducted in pregnant rats and rabbits during the period of organogenesis. In rats, no malformation was seen when edoxaban was administered orally at doses up to 300 mg/kg/day, or 49 times the human dose of 60 mg/day normalized to body surface area. Increased post-implantation loss occurred at 300 mg/kg/day, but this effect may be secondary to the maternal vaginal hemorrhage seen at this dose. In rabbits, no malformation was seen at doses up to 600 mg/kg/day (49 times the human exposure at a dose of 60 mg/day when based on AUC). Embryo-fetal toxicities occurred at maternally toxic doses, and included absent or small fetal gallbladder at 600 mg/kg/day, and increased post-implantation loss, increased spontaneous abortion, and decreased live fetuses and fetal weight at doses equal to or greater than 200 mg/kg/day, which is equal to or greater than 20 times the human exposure. In a rat pre- and post-natal developmental study, edoxaban was administered orally during the period of organogenesis and through lactation day 20 at doses up to 30 mg/kg/day, which is up to 3 times the human exposure when based on AUC. Vaginal bleeding in pregnant rats and delayed avoidance response (a learning test) in female offspring were seen at 30 mg/kg/day.
Adverse events
Most frequently reported events (FDA FAERS). Report frequency does not imply causation.
- anaemia301
- off label use286
- renal impairment278
- dyspnoea260
- cardiac failure253
- cerebral infarction252
- nausea230
- pneumonia205
- atrial fibrillation197
- diarrhoea194
- fall192
- gastrointestinal haemorrhage187
- fatigue185
- dizziness179
- acute kidney injury178
- decreased appetite167
Adverse reactions (label)
6 ADVERSE REACTIONS The following clinically significant adverse reactions are discussed in greater detail in other sections of the prescribing information. Increased Risk of Stroke with Discontinuation of SAVAYSA in Patients with Nonvalvular Atrial Fibrillation [see Warnings and Precautions (5.2) ] Risk of Bleeding [see Warnings and Precautions (5.3) ] Spinal/Epidural Anesthesia or Puncture [see Warnings and Precautions (5.4) ] Treatment of NVAF : The most common adverse reactions (≥ 5%) are bleeding and anemia ( 6.1 ) Treatment of DVT and PE : The most common adverse reactions (≥ 1%) are bleeding, rash, abnormal liver function tests and anemia ( 6.1 ) To report SUSPECTED ADVERSE REACTIONS, contact Daiichi Sankyo, Inc. at 1-877-437-7763 or FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088 or www.fda.gov/medwatch. 6.1 Clinical Trials Experience Because clinical trials are conducted under widely varying conditions, adverse reaction rates observed in the clinical trials of a drug cannot be directly compared to rates in the clinical trials of another drug and may not reflect the rates observed in practice. The safety of SAVAYSA was evaluated in the ENGAGE AF-TIMI 48, Hokusai VTE, and Hokusai VTE Cancer studies including 11,530 patients exposed to SAVAYSA 60 mg and 7124 patients exposed to SAVAYSA 30 mg once daily [see Clinical Studies (14) ] . The ENGAGE AF-TIMI 48 Study In the ENGAGE AF-TIMI 48 study, the median study drug exposure for the SAVAYSA and warfarin treatment groups was 2.5 years. Bleeding was the most common reason for treatment discontinuation. Bleeding led to treatment discontinuation in 3.9% and 4.1% of patients in the SAVAYSA 60 mg and warfarin treatment groups, respectively. In the overall population, major bleeding was lower in the SAVAYSA group compared to the warfarin group [HR 0.80 (0.70, 0.91), p < 0.001]. Table 6.1 shows major bleeding events (percentage of patients with at least one bleeding event, per year) for the indicated population (CrCL ≤ 95 mL/min). Table 6.1: Adjudicated Bleeding Events for NVAF Patients with CrCL ≤ 95 mL/min The on-treatment period is during treatment or within 2 days of stopping study treatment. The difference in hemorrhagic stroke rate from Table 14.1 is because Table 14.1 includes events occurring during treatment or within 3 days of stopping study treatment and this table only includes patients with CrCL ≤ 95 mL/min. Event A subject can be included in multiple sub-categories if he/she had an event for those categories. SAVAYSA 60 mg Includes all patients with CrCL ≤ 95 mL/min randomized to receive 60 mg once daily, including those who were dose-reduced to 30 mg once daily because of prespecified baseline conditions. N = 5417 n (%/year) Warfarin N = 5485 n (%/year) SAVAYSA 60 mg vs. Warfarin HR (95% CI) Abbreviations: HR = Hazard Ratio versus Warfarin, CI = Confidence Interval, n = number of patients with events, N = number of patients in Safety population, Major Bleeding A major bleeding event (the study primary safety endpoint) was defined as clinically overt bleeding that met one of the following criteria: fatal bleeding; symptomatic bleeding in a critical site such as retroperitoneal, intracranial, intraocular, intraspinal, intra-articular, pericardial, or intramuscular with compartment syndrome; a clinically overt bleeding event that caused a fall in hemoglobin of at least 2.0 g/dL (or a fall in hematocrit of at least 6.0% in the absence of hemoglobin data), when adjusted for transfusions (1 unit of transfusion = 1.0 g/dL drop in hemoglobin). 357 (3.1) 431 (3.7) 0.84 (0.73, 0.97) Intracranial Hemorrhage (ICH) ICH includes primary hemorrhagic stroke, subarachnoid hemorrhage, epidural/subdural hemorrhage, and ischemic stroke with major hemorrhagic conversion. 53 (0.5) 122 (1.0) 0.44 (0.32, 0.61) Hemorrhagic Stroke 33 (0.3) 69 (0.6) 0.49 (0.32, 0.74) Other ICH 20 (0.2) 55 (0.5) 0.37 (0.22, 0.62) Gastrointestinal Gastrointestinal (GI) bleeds include bleeding from upper and lower GI tract. Lower GI tract…
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